Bioinformatics Database

SMAD3: SMAD family member 3

SMAD3: SMAD family member 3
3D Protein Structure Viewer​
Cellular Process
Bud stage of tooth development
Gene Name
SMAD3: SMAD family member 3
Gene ID
4088
General Description
The SMAD family of proteins are a group of intracellular signal transducer proteins similar to the gene products of the Drosophila gene 'mothers against decapentaplegic' (Mad) and the C. elegans gene Sma. The SMAD3 protein functions in the transforming growth factor-beta signaling pathway, and transmits signals from the cell surface to the nucleus, regulating gene activity and cell proliferation. This protein forms a complex with other SMAD proteins and binds DNA, functioning both as a transcription factor and tumor suppressor
Alternative titles; symbols
MOTHERS AGAINST DECAPENTAPLEGIC, DROSOPHILA, HOMOLOG OF, 3; MADH3 SMA- AND MAD-RELATED PROTEIN 3
Chromosome
Chromosome 15
Cytogenetic location
15q22.33
Encoded Protein

Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform 1

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_005893.1/

Function of the protein in oral and tooth development

One of the targets of TGFβ signaling is the matricellular protein CCN2 (also known as connective tissue growth factor, CTGF). CCN2 is involved in adhesion, migration and extracellular matrix modulation. Pacheco et al. (2008) aimed to study the relationship between CCN2 and the TGFβ/SMAD2/3 signaling cascade during early stages of tooth development. The results indicated that CCN2 and TGFβ/SMAD2 signaling components are active in signaling centers during early stages of tooth development. The activity of the TGFβ/SMAD2 signaling cascade and proliferation of epithelial and mesenchyme cells were not affected by the absence of CCN2 expression during early stages of tooth development (Pacheco et al., 2008).

Studies by Tsuchiya et al. (2009) showed that TGFβ1 signaling, through smad3 and immediate-early stress-response genes played a role in initiating apoptosis of maturation stage ameloblasts. Also, SMAD3 was shown to be required for enamel biomineralization (Yokozeki et al., 2003).

Dental and Oral Diseases
Protein Sequence
>NP_005893.1 mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 isoform 1 [Homo sapiens]
MSSILPFTPPIVKRLLGWKKGEQNGQEEKWCEKAVKSLVKKLKKTGQLDELEKAITTQNVNTKCITIPRS
LDGRLQVSHRKGLPHVIYCRLWRWPDLHSHHELRAMELCEFAFNMKKDEVCVNPYHYQRVETPVLPPVLV
PRHTEIPAEFPPLDDYSHSIPENTNFPAGIEPQSNIPETPPPGYLSEDGETSDHQMNHSMDAGSPNLSPN
PMSPAHNNLDLQPVTYCEPAFWCSISYYELNQRVGETFHASQPSMTVDGFTDPSNSERFCLGLLSNVNRN
AAVELTRRHIGRGVRLYYIGGEVFAECLSDSAIFVQSPNCNQRYGWHPATVCKIPPGCNLKIFNNQEFAA
LLAQSVNQGFEAVYQLTRMCTIRMSFVKGWGAEYRRQTVTSTPCWIELHLNGPLQWLDKVLTQMGSPSIR
CSSVS
Mutations
Related Literature

Pacheco et al. (2008). https://doi.org/10.1159/000112640

Tsuchiya et al., (2009). Transforming growth factor‐β1 expression is up‐regulated in maturation‐stage enamel organ and may induce ameloblast apoptosis. European journal of oral sciences, 117(2), 105-112.

Yokozeki et al., (2003). Smad3 is required for enamel biomineralization. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 305(3), 684-690.