Bioinformatics Database
PTEN: Phosphatase and tensin homolog
Cellular Process
Cap stage of tooth development
Gene Name
PTEN: Phosphatase and tensin homolog
Gene ID
5728
Gene Sequence
General Description
This gene was identified as a tumor suppressor that is mutated in a large number of cancers at high frequency. The protein encoded by this gene is a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase. It contains a tensin like domain as well as a catalytic domain similar to that of the dual specificity protein tyrosine phosphatases. Unlike most of the protein tyrosine phosphatases, this protein preferentially dephosphorylates phosphoinositide substrates. It negatively regulates intracellular levels of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate in cells and functions as a tumor suppressor by negatively regulating AKT/PKB signaling pathway.
Alternative titles; symbols
PTEN1 MUTATED IN MULTIPLE ADVANCED CANCERS 1; MMAC1 PHOSPHATASE AND TENSIN HOMOLOG DELETED ON CHROMOSOME 10
Chromosome
Chromosome 10
Cytogenetic location
10q23.31
Encoded Protein
Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform PTEN
Function of the protein in oral and tooth development
Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 (IGF-2) can downregulate Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN), a phosphatase mutated in various tumors. Kero et al., (2016) studied the expression patterns of IGF-2 and PTEN by double immunofluorescence in incisor human tooth germs during the developmental periode of 7th and 20th gestational week. In the study, mild to moderate expression of PTEN was found in dental papilla and parts of enamel organ. Based on the data, the authors concluded that PTEN in temporo-spatial patterning of basic cellular processes (proliferation, differentiation) during normal tooth development (Kero et al., 2016).
Dental and Oral Diseases
Protein Sequence
>NP_000305.3 phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and
dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN isoform PTEN [Homo sapiens]
MTAIIKEIVSRNKRRYQEDGFDLDLTYIYPNIIAMGFPAERLEGVYRNNIDDVVRFLDSKHKNHYKIYNL
CAERHYDTAKFNCRVAQYPFEDHNPPQLELIKPFCEDLDQWLSEDDNHVAAIHCKAGKGRTGVMICAYLL
HRGKFLKAQEALDFYGEVRTRDKKGVTIPSQRRYVYYYSYLLKNHLDYRPVALLFHKMMFETIPMFSGGT
CNPQFVVCQLKVKIYSSNSGPTRREDKFMYFEFPQPLPVCGDIKVEFFHKQNKMLKKDKMFHFWVNTFFI
PGPEETSEKVENGSLCDQEIDSICSIERADNDKEYLVLTLTKNDLDKANKDKANRYFSPNFKVKLYFTKT
VEEPSNPEASSSTSVTPDVSDNEPDHYRYSDTTDSDPENEPFDEDQHTQITKV
Mutations
Related Literature
Kero et al., (2016). https://doi.org/10.1080/15476278.2016.1197460
